Ilex verticillata 'Winter Gold' (Female)

• Attracts: Birds are highly attracted to the berries, providing a valuable food source in winter.
• Wildlife Resistant: Somewhat resistant to deer, though younger plants may experience occasional browsing.

• Foliage Season: Spring to fall.
• Winter Interest: Bright, golden-orange berries persist through winter after the leaves drop.
• Flowering Season: Late spring (May to June).
• Hardiness Zones: USDA Zones 3-9

• Borders and hedges
• Foundation plantings
• Winter interest gardens
• Wildlife gardens
• Specimen planting

• Color: Dark green, oval to oblong leaves with serrated edges.
• Form: Glossy foliage that provides a lush backdrop for the berries during the growing season.
• Fall Interest: Leaves turn yellow before dropping, revealing the striking berry display.

• Color: Small, inconspicuous white to greenish-white flowers.
• Form: Clusters of tiny, delicate flowers bloom in late spring.
• Bloom Time: May to June.
• Fragrance: Not fragrant.

• Planting Time: Best planted in spring or fall when temperatures are cooler.
• Soil Requirements: Prefers moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soils. Adaptable to a variety of soil types, including clay, but thrives in rich, organic soils.
• Planting Depth: Plant at the same depth as in the nursery pot, ensuring the crown is level with the soil surface.
• Spacing: Space plants 6-8 feet apart to accommodate mature growth and ensure proper pollination.

• Timing: Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
• Method: Prune to shape the plant and remove any dead or damaged branches. Minimal pruning is required, but thinning can improve air circulation and promote healthy growth.

• Watering Frequency: Water regularly during the first growing season to establish roots. Once established, water deeply as needed, especially during dry periods.
• Soil Moisture: Prefers consistently moist soils but can tolerate short periods of drought once established. Mulching helps retain moisture.

• Light Exposure: Thrives in full sun to partial shade. For best berry production, at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight is recommended.

For Berry Branches (Ornamental Use)

Best Time to Harvest:

• Late fall to early winter (typically October to December), after the leaves have dropped.
  
• This is when the berries are fully colored and highly visible for winter décor.
  

How to Harvest:

1. Use sharp, clean pruners to cut branches bearing healthy clusters of berries.
   
2. Cut stems 6–18 inches long, depending on your arrangement needs.
   
3. Strip any remaining leaves if still present.
   
4. Place cut stems in clean water if using fresh, or allow to air-dry for preserved displays.
   

Common Uses for Harvested Branches:

• Winter wreaths
  
• Holiday floral arrangements
  
• Outdoor pots and porch planters
  
• Indoor centerpieces (use care to avoid berry drop indoors)
  

Storage and Longevity:

• Fresh use:
  
• Keep in water for up to 2 weeks indoors.
  
• Mist occasionally to reduce dehydration.
  
• Drying:
  
• Stand upright in a dry vase with no water or hang upside down in a cool, dry location.
  
• Berries may shrivel slightly but will retain color for several weeks to months in dry conditions.
  
  

• Fertilization Time: Fertilize in early spring to support new growth and berry production.
• Fertilizer Type: Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer or organic compost. A slightly acidic fertilizer may help enhance growth.

• Mulching: Apply a 2-3 inch layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds. Keep mulch away from the crown to prevent rot.
• Drought Tolerance: While Winter Gold prefers consistently moist soil, it can tolerate short periods of drought once established. Regular watering is necessary during prolonged dry spells.
• Pests and Diseases: Generally pest-free, but occasional aphids or spider mites may appear. Proper care and good air circulation help prevent issues.

• Pollination Type: As a female plant, Winter Gold requires a male pollinator (such as Ilex verticillata 'Southern Gentleman') planted nearby to produce berries.
• Berry Production: Bright, golden-orange berries appear in late summer and persist through winter, adding visual appeal and providing food for wildlife.

• Male pollinator (Ilex verticillata 'Southern Gentleman')
• Ornamental Grasses
• Viburnum
• Red Twig Dogwood